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European Skills, Competences and Occupations

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Explore the ESCO catalogue by occupation, ISCO group, and related competence language. Official ESCO pages remain available as secondary source links.

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3115.1.5 ISCO 3115 - Mechanical engineering technicians
ESCO source

heating, ventilation, air conditioning and refrigeration engineering technician

Heating, ventilation, air conditioning and refrigeration engineering technicians aid in the design of devices which provide heating, ventilation, air conditioning and possibly refrigeration in buildings. They ensure the equipment complies with environmental standards. They handle hazardous materials used in the systems, and ensure safety precautions are in place.

HVAC systems technicianHVACR technicianair conditioning technicianHVAC project technician
2144.1.8 ISCO 2144 - Mechanical engineers
ESCO source

heating, ventilation, air conditioning engineer

Heating, ventilation, air conditioning engineers design and develop heating, ventilation, air conditioning and possibly refrigeration systems for usage in residences, manufacturing sites, offices, commercial buildings, etc. They strive for solutions that serve the needs of clients and respond to architectural restrictions of sites.

HVAC systems engineerHVAC service engineerHVAC support engineerair conditioning engineerbuilding services engineerHVAC site engineerventilation engineerheatingventilationair conditioning and refrigeration engineerHVAC engineerrefrigeration engineerHVACR engineersservices engineerHVAC project engineerHVACR engineer
3153.2.4 ISCO 3153 - Aircraft pilots and related associate professionals
ESCO source

helicopter pilot

Helicopter pilots fly helicopters in order to transport passengers and cargo from one place to another. They plan flights using aeronautical charts and navigation instruments. Prior to departure, they inspect helicopters following checklists to detect leaking hydraulic fluid, inoperative control, low fuel level, or other unsafe conditions.

commercial helicopter pilotpilot of helicoptersairline helicopter transport pilothelicopter operator
3152.2 ISCO 3152 - Ships' deck officers and pilots
ESCO source

helmsman

Helmsmen are members of the crew on the highest rank of the operational level on an inland vessel. They perform a variety of duties concerned with the operation and upkeep of deck department areas, the engine and other equipment, mooring and unmooring, as well as the steering of the ship as the main task.

submarine helmsmansteerswomanhelmhelmswomansteersman
3230.1 ISCO 3230 - Traditional and complementary medicine associate professionals
ESCO source

herbal therapist

Herbal therapists use herbal medicine to relief pain and treat illnesses such as allergies, chronic physical conditions or stress-related conditions. They study the properties and benefits of plants and create a personalised treatment plan for the patients.

iridologistherbal practitionernaturopathic physicianherbal medicine practitionerherbalistpractitioner of herbal medicinemedical herbalistherbal medicine therapistpractitioner of herbal therapyphytotherapist
7531.3 ISCO 7531 - Tailors, dressmakers, furriers and hatters
ESCO source

hide grader

Hide graders sort hides, skins, wet blue, and crust depending on the natural characteristics, category, weight and also magnitude, location, number and type of defects. They compare the batch to specifications, provide an attribution of grade and are in charge of trimming.

crust graderwet-blue graderskin gradercrust sorterhide inspectorhide assorterhide gradersraw hide grader
1324.3.1.6.17 ISCO 1324 - Supply, distribution and related managers
ESCO source

hides, skins and leather products distribution manager

Hides, skins and leather products distribution managers plan the distribution of hides, skins and leather products to various points of sales.

trainee hidesskins and leather products distribution managerhidesskins and leather products distribution plannerskins and leather products supply chain managerassistant hidesskins and leather products supply chain plannergraduate hidessenior hidesskins and leather products logistics managerskins and leather products logistics planner
7215.2.3 ISCO 7215 - Riggers and cable splicers
ESCO source

high rigger

High riggers assemble and hoist temporary suspension structures on heights to support performance equipment. Their work is based on instruction, plans and calculations. Their job can include rope access, working above colleagues, assemble constructions to lift performers and lifting heavy loads, which makes it a high risk occupation. They work indoor as well as outdoor. They cooperate with ground riggers to unload and assemble constructions on ground level.

rope access riggerbucket high riggerrigging crew memberheight riggerlevel riggerup riggerclimbing riggeraerial rigger
2310.1 ISCO 2310 - University and higher education teachers
ESCO source

higher education lecturer

Higher education lecturers instruct students who have obtained an upper secondary education diploma in their own specialised field of study, which is predominantly academic in nature. They may have job titles such as senior lecturer or professor. They work with their teaching and research assistants for the preparation of lectures and exams, for grading papers and exams, for leading laboratory practices, and for leading review and feedback sessions for the students. They also conduct academic research in their respective field, publish their findings and liaise with their academic colleagues.

teaching fellowuniversity readerprofessorhigher education senior lectureruniversity lecturerprincipal lecturerresearch lecturerHE lecturerhigher education instructorreaderuniversity professor
2633.1 ISCO 2633 - Philosophers, historians and political scientists
ESCO source

historian

Historians research, analyze, interpret, and present the past of human societies. They analyse documents, sources, and traces from the past in order to understand the past societies.

diplomatic historianhistorianseconomic historianegyptologistmilitary historianpolitical historianart historian
2310.1.20 ISCO 2310 - University and higher education teachers
ESCO source

history lecturer

History lecturers are subject professors, teachers, or lecturers who instruct students who have obtained an upper secondary education diploma in their own specialised field of study, history, which is predominantly academic in nature. They work with their university research assistants and university teaching assistants for the preparation of lectures and of exams, for grading papers and exams and for leading review and feedback sessions for the students. They also conduct academic research in their respective field of history, publish their findings and liaise with other university colleagues.

history teacheruniversity lecturer in historymodern history lecturerprofessor of ancient historyuniversity history lecturerancient history lecturerprofessor of modern historylecturer in historyhistory professorlecturer of historyprofessor of medieval historyhistory instructorprofessor of historyhistory docentuniversity history teacherhistory lectorhigher education history teachermedieval history lecturer
2330.1.8 ISCO 2330 - Secondary education teachers
ESCO source

history teacher secondary school

History teachers at secondary schools provide education to students, commonly children and young adults, in a secondary school setting. They are usually subject teachers, specialised and instructing in their own field of study, history. They prepare lesson plans and materials, monitor the students' progress, assist individually when necessary, and evaluate the students' knowledge and performance on the subject of history through assignments, tests and examinations.

teacher of history in secondary schoolhistory teacher high schoolteacher of history in high schoolsecondary school history tutorhistory tutor in high schoolhistory tutor in secondary schoolhigh school history teacherhigh school history tutorhistory teacherhistory teacher in high schoolsecondary school history teacher
5322.1 ISCO 5322 - Home-based personal care workers
ESCO source

home care aide

Home care aides provide personal assistance and promote autonomy, on a daily basis to individuals who are unable to take care of themselves due to illness, ageing or disability. They assist them with personal hygiene, feeding, communication or medication according to the health care professional's instructions.

live in caregiverpersonal care workerpersonal care providerlive in caretakerelderly people assistantpersonal care attendant
2635.3.15 ISCO 2635 - Social work and counselling professionals
ESCO source

homelessness worker

Homelessness workers provide on-the-spot assistance, counselling and advice to people who have housing problems or live on the streets. They present them with services available to homeless people starting from hostel vacancies to financial aid services. They may have to cope with persons with mental health problems, addictions or victims of domestic or sexual abuse.

homelessness case workerhomeless care workerhomeless case workerhomeless guidance workerhomeless advice workerhomeless team workerhomelessness support workerhomelessness team workerhomelessness advice workerhousing options and advice workerhomeless support workerhomeless social workerhomelessness care workerhomelessness social workerhomelessness guidance worker
2230.2.2 ISCO 2230 - Traditional and complementary medicine professionals
ESCO source

homeopath

Homeopaths treat clients based on the selection and prescription of homeopathic remedies using the homeopathy principle of “like cures like.”  

homeopathic practitionerspecialist homeopathpractitioner of homeopathytechnician in homeopathyhomeopathic therapisttherapist in homeopathyhomeopathy practitionerexpert homeopathhomeopathy technician
2141.3 ISCO 2141 - Industrial and production engineers
ESCO source

homologation engineer

Homologation engineers are responsible for the homologation process of new types of vehicles, components and systems and for ensuring the compliance with regulatory requirements for the sales country. They develop and implement homologation programmes and facilitate type approval testing in accordance with the European legislation, ensuring the respect of homologation timings. They research on and interpret regulatory requirements and are the main contact point for homologation and certification purposes within the organisation and with external agencies. Homologation engineers draft technical documentation and support design and test engineers in the vehicle development process.

vehicle homologation engineerautomotive homologation managerautomotive homologation engineerautomotive homologation specialisthomologation manager
8160.38 ISCO 8160 - Food and related products machine operators
ESCO source

honey extractor

Honey extractors operate machines to extract liquid honey from honeycombs. They place decapped honeycombs in honey-extracting machine baskets to empty honeycombs.

honey extraction operativeextractorhoney production workerhoney process worker
6112.3 ISCO 6112 - Tree and shrub crop growers
ESCO source

hop farmer

Hop farmers plant, cultivate and harvest hops for the production of commodities such as beer.

organic hop farmerhops growerhops producerhops cultivatorhops tenderhop growerhop producerhops farmerhop cultivatorhop tenderorganic hops cultivatororganic hops grower
6121.3 ISCO 6121 - Livestock and dairy producers
ESCO source

horse breeder

Horse breeders oversee the production and day-to-day care of horses. They maintain the health and welfare of horses.

stud specialistracehorse breederhorse rearer
3423.3 ISCO 3423 - Fitness and recreation instructors and program leaders
ESCO source

horse riding instructor

Horse riding instructors advise and guide individuals and groups on riding horses. They conduct lessons and teach the techniques of horse riding including stopping, making turns, show-riding and jumping. They motivate their clients and help improve their performance.

horse riding teachertherapeutic riding instructorriding teacherriding coachhorseback riding instructorhorse riding coachriding instructor
5164.2.1.2 ISCO 5164 - Pet groomers and animal care workers
ESCO source

horse trainer

Horse trainers train animals and/or riders for general and specific purposes, including assistance, security, leisure, competition, transportation, obedience and routine handling, entertainment and education, in accordance with national legislation.

dressage instructorequine trainerhorse riding trainerhorse riding coachracehorse trainerriding school trainerequestrian centre instructorhorse riding instructorriding instructorriding school instructorequestrian centre trainerjockey trainer
6113.2 ISCO 6113 - Gardeners, horticultural and nursery growers
ESCO source

horticulture production manager

Horticulture production managers plan the production, manage the enterprise and participate in the horticultural production.

horticultural crop managerhorticultural managerhorticulture managerhorticultural producerhorticultural production manager
6113.3 ISCO 6113 - Gardeners, horticultural and nursery growers
ESCO source

horticulture production team leader

Horticulture production team leaders are responsible for leading and working with a team. They organise daily work schedules for the production of horticulture crops and participate in the production.

horticultural foremanhorticultural production team leaderhorticultural team manager
9214.2 ISCO 9214 - Garden and horticultural labourers
ESCO source

horticulture worker

Horticulture workers carry out practical activities and assist in nurseries or greenhouses for the production of horticultural crops.

berry pickerflower pickerfruit pickerhorticultural farm workercrop workerhorticultural worker
2262.1.2.1 ISCO 2262 - Pharmacists
ESCO source

hospital pharmacist

Hospital pharmacists prepare, dispense and provide medication to patients in hospitals. They collaborate with healthcare personnel such as doctors and nurses to treat patients and also offer advice and information on medications.

head of hospital pharmacysite lead pharmacisthospital pharmacy specialisthospital locum pharmacistrelief pharmacistclinical pharmacist
5329.1 ISCO 5329 - Personal care workers in health services not elsewhere classified
ESCO source

hospital porter

Hospital porters are professional healthcare assistants who transport people on stretchers around the hospital site, as well as and items.

general porterhospital porteringstretcher bearerhospital stretcher bearerhospital portering staff membergeneral hospital porterstretcher carrierporterhospital portering service providerhospital stretcher carrier
2635.3.16 ISCO 2635 - Social work and counselling professionals
ESCO source

hospital social worker

Hospital social workers provide counselling to patients and their families helping them to better cope with the illness, the emotions surrounding diagnosis, and with social and financial problems. They work in cooperation with doctors, nurses and other health professionals sensitising them on the emotional aspects of a patient. They act as link between patients and medical staff. Hospital social workers also support the patients and their families with the discharge from the hospital.

public health social workerhospital discharge social workermedical social workerpalliative care social workersocial worker
1411.2 ISCO 1411 - Hotel managers
ESCO source

hospitality entertainment manager

Hospitality entertainment managers are in charge of managing the team which creates entertainment activities for the guests of a hospitality establishment.

entertainments managercruise entertainment managerholiday entertainment managerholiday camp entertainment manageramusement managerentertainment managerresort entertainment manager
4224.1 ISCO 4224 - Hotel receptionists
ESCO source

hospitality establishment receptionist

Hospitality establishment receptionists provide first point of contact and assistance to the guests of a hospitality establishment. They are also responsible for taking bookings, processing payments and giving information.

reception workerhotel receptionistreception assistantreservations clerkreception area clerk
5414.1.6 ISCO 5414 - Security guards
ESCO source

hospitality establishment security officer

Hospitality establishment security officers are in charge of managing the overall process and implementation of hospitality facility security in terms of both safety of belongings, personal safety and building security.

hotel security officerhospitality establishment security guardhospitality establishment security managerhospitality security managerhospitality security officerhotel security manager
2431.9 ISCO 2431 - Advertising and marketing professionals
ESCO source

hospitality revenue manager

Hospitality revenue managers maximise revenue generated from facilities such as hotels, holiday resorts and camping grounds by analysing trends and competition. They assist establishment managers in strategic decisions. Hospitality revenue managers analyse and optimise the financial potential of facilities and manage the corresponding staff.

hospitality revenues manageryield managerhospitality yields managerhospitality revenue managerrevenue manager
2320.1.15 ISCO 2320 - Vocational education teachers
ESCO source

hospitality vocational teacher

Hospitality vocational teachers instruct students in their specialised field of study, hospitality, which is predominantly practical in nature. They provide theoretical instruction in service of the practical skills and techniques the students must subsequently master for a hospitality-related profession, such as hotel receptionist or housekeeper. Hospitality vocational teachers monitor the students' progress, assist individually when necessary, and evaluate their knowledge and performance on the subject of hospitality through assignments, tests and examinations.

instructor in hospitality and cateringvocational instructor in hospitality and cateringtrainer in hospitality and cateringvocational catering and hospitality teacherhospitality and catering teacherhospitality and catering educatorvocational hospitality and catering teacherhospitality instructorvocational trainer in hospitality and cateringeducator in hospitality and cateringhospitality and catering instructorvocational teacher of catering and hospitality
4221.2 ISCO 4221 - Travel consultants and clerks
ESCO source

host/hostess

Hosts/hostesses welcome and inform visitors at airports, train stations, hotels, exhibitions fairs, and function events and/or attend to passengers in the mean of transport.

airport hostairport host/hostesshostairport hostesshostess
7322.4 ISCO 7322 - Printers
ESCO source

hot foil operator

Hot foil operators tend machines which apply a metallic foil on other materials using pressure cylinders and heating. They also mix colors, set up the appropriate machinery equipment and monitor printing.

hot press technicianhot foil stamping machine technicianfoil stamp machine operatorhot press specialistfoil stamping operatorhot foil stamping machine specialisthot stamp specialisthot stamp operatorfoil press specialisthot press operatorfoil press technicianfoil printing machine operatorhot foil technicianhot foil machine specialistfoil blocking technicianfoil stamping technicianhot foil blockerfoil stamping specialistfoil press operatorhot foil specialisthot foil machine operatorfoil blocking specialisthot foil stamping die cutterfoil printing machine specialisthot stamp technicianfoil printing machine technicianhot foil machine technicianfoil blocking operatorhot foil stamping machine operatorhot foil stamper
5151.1 ISCO 5151 - Cleaning and housekeeping supervisors in offices, hotels and other establishments
ESCO source

hotel butler

Hotel butlers provide personalised services to guests in high level hospitality establishment. They manage the housekeeping staff to ensure clean interiors and excellent customer service. Hotel butlers are responsible for the general welfare and satisfaction of the guests.

house stewardbutler administratorhousehold manager
4229.2 ISCO 4229 - Client information workers not elsewhere classified
ESCO source

hotel concierge

Hotel concierges provide information to customers, assist guests with various tasks such as making restaurant reservations, recommending entertainment highlights, booking transportation (limousines, airplanes, boats, etc.) and other services, procurement of tickets to special events, and assisting with various travel arrangements and tours of local attractions.

conciergeguest services managerguest conciergeguest assistance manager
9621.2 ISCO 9621 - Messengers, package deliverers and luggage porters
ESCO source

hotel porter

Hotel porters welcome guests to accommodation facilities, help them carry their luggage and provide services such as occasional cleaning.

bellboybaggage carrierbellhopportercarrierbellman
7111.1 ISCO 7111 - House builders
ESCO source

house builder

House builders construct, maintain and repair houses or similar small buildings using a range of techniques and materials of several construction building workers.

builder of housesbuilderhome builderdomestic property builderresidential property builder
5153.1.2 ISCO 5153 - Building caretakers
ESCO source

house sitter

House sitters move in the house of their employers in order to maintain security of the property during their absence. They monitor entrance areas and prevent unauthorized persons from entering the house, inspect conditions of the facility such as plumbing and heating and contact repairers if necessary. House sitters may also do some cleaning activities, forward mail and pay bills.

custodianestate caretakerhouse caretaker
7412.6 ISCO 7412 - Electrical mechanics and fitters
ESCO source

household appliances repair technician

Household appliances repair technicians use electrical equipment to test resistance or voltage and to identify appliances' malfunctions. They repair small and large electrical or gas home appliances such as vacuum cleaners, washing machines, dishwashers, air conditioners and refrigerators.

washing machine servicerdryer repairerdishwasher repairerhome appliance repairmanwindow air conditioner repairerAC repairerrefrigerator repairerappliance service technician
1324.3.1.6.18 ISCO 1324 - Supply, distribution and related managers
ESCO source

household goods distribution manager

Household goods distribution managers plan the distribution of household goods to various points of sales.

assistant household goods distribution managersenior household goods distribution managergraduate household goods distribution managerhousehold goods supply chain managerhousehold goods logistics plannerhousehold goods distribution plannerhousehold goods supply chain plannertrainee household goods distribution managerhousehold goods logistics manager
5151.2 ISCO 5151 - Cleaning and housekeeping supervisors in offices, hotels and other establishments
ESCO source

housekeeping supervisor

Housekeeping supervisors are in charge of supervising and coordinating the daily running of cleaning and housekeeping activities hospitality establishments.

executive housekeeperhousekeeping managerhead of housekeepinghead housekeeping managerhousekeeping coordinatorhead housekeeperdeputy head housekeeping managerdeputy head housekeeper
3334.1 ISCO 3334 - Real estate agents and property managers
ESCO source

housing manager

Housing managers oversee housing services for tenants or residents. They work for housing associations or private organisations for which they collect rental fees, inspect properties, suggest and implement improvements concerning repairs or neighbour nuissance issues, maintain communication with tenants, handle housing applications and liaise with local authorities and property managers. They hire, train and supervise personnel.

housing agenthousing officerneighbourhood managerhousing administratorhousing coordinator
2422.12.8 ISCO 2422 - Policy administration professionals
ESCO source

housing policy officer

Housing policy officers research, analyse and develop housing policies which enable affordable and adequate housing for all. They implement these policies to improve the housing situation of the population by measures such as building affordable housing, supporting people to buy real estate and improving conditions in existing housing. Housing policy officers work closely with partners, external organisations or other stakeholders and provide them with regular updates.

housing policy development officerhousing policy analystpolicy officerhousing policy researcheraffordable housing policy officerplanning and housinghousing policy and strategy officersenior housing policy officerhousing policy advisor
3412.4.7 ISCO 3412 - Social work associate professionals
ESCO source

housing support worker

Housing support workers provide support and assistance to elderly, people with a physical impairment or learning disability, homeless people, ex-drug addicts, ex-alcohol addicts or ex-offenders.

housing officerassistant housing support workerhousing outreach workersupport worker (housing)senior housing support workerhousing advisorhousing advice workerhousing support officer
4416.1 ISCO 4416 - Personnel clerks
ESCO source

human resources assistant

Human resources assistants provide support in all the processes and efforts carried by human resources managers. They help in the preparation of recruitment processes by scanning CVs and narrowing the selection to the most suitable candidates. They perform administrative tasks, prepare communications and letters, and perform the tabulation of the surveys and assessments carried out by the department.

human resources secretaryhuman resources executive assistanthuman resources associatehuman resources administrative assistant
1212.2 ISCO 1212 - Human resource managers
ESCO source

human resources manager

Human resources managers plan, design and implement processes related to the human capital of companies. They develop programs for recruiting, interviewing, and selecting employees based on a previous assessment of the profile and skills required in the company. Moreover, they manage compensation and development programs for the company's employees comprising trainings, skill assessment and yearly evaluations, promotion, expat programs, and general assurance of the well-being of the employees in the workplace.

personnel directorHRM manageroutplacement office managerstaffing managerhuman resources directorbenefits managerpersonnel managerrelocation manageremployee benefits managercareer advice office managerindustrial relations managerrecruitment managerHR managerhuman resources specialist
2423.3 ISCO 2423 - Personnel and careers professionals
ESCO source

human resources officer

Human resources officers develop and implement strategies that help their employers select and retain appropriately qualified staff within that business sector. They recruit staff, prepare job advertisements, interview and short-list people, negotiate with employment agencies, and set up working conditions. Human resources officers also administer the payroll, review salaries and advise on remuneration benefits and employment law. They arrange for training opportunities to enhance employees' performance.

HR directorHR replifelong learning coachpersonnel directorpersonnel recruiterHR supervisorpersonnel officerpersonnel administratorpersonnel assistanthuman resources representativeHR representativehuman resources directorpersonnel reppersonnel representativepersonnel supervisorHR workerpersonnel workerpersonnel managerskills trainerpersonnel development specialistcompetencies trainerpersonnel experthuman resources supervisorhuman resources repHR officerhuman resources workerhuman resource officer
2619.6 ISCO 2619 - Legal professionals not elsewhere classified
ESCO source

human rights officer

Human rights officers investigate and handle human rights violations, as well as develop plans to reduce violations and to ensure compliance to human rights legislation. They investigate complaints by examining information and interviewing victims and perpetrators, and communicate with organisations involved with human rights activities.

human rights programme officerhuman rights lawyerhuman rights program officerhuman rights project officer
2422.7 ISCO 2422 - Policy administration professionals
ESCO source

humanitarian advisor

Humanitarian advisors ensure strategies to reduce the impact of humanitarian crises on a national and/or international level. They provide professional advice and support and this in collaboration with different partners.

non governmental organisation officercharity workerhumanitarian affairs officerhumanitarian affairs advisorhumanitarian assistance advisorhumanitarian consultant