grammar
The set of structural rules governing the composition of clauses, phrases, and words in any given natural language.
Linguists study languages scientifically. They master languages and can interpret them in terms of their grammatical, semantic, and phonetic characteristics. They research the evolution of language and the way it is used by societies.
Competences and skills
70 ESCO relationsEssential knowledge 6 competences
Occupation specific
0 competencesNo competences in this bucket.
Sector-specific
0 competencesNo competences in this bucket.
Cross-sector
6 competenceslinguistics
The scientific study of language and its three aspects, language form, language meaning, and language in context.
phonetics
The physical properties of speech sounds such as how their are produced, their acoustic properties and neurophysiological status.
scientific research methodology
The theoretical methodology used in scientific research involving doing background research, constructing an hypothesis, testing it, analysing data and concluding the results.
semantics
The branch of linguistics that studies meaning; it analyses of words, phrases, signs, and symbols and the relation between them.
spelling
The rules concerning the way words are spelled.
Essential skills and competences 31 competences
Occupation specific
0 competencesNo competences in this bucket.
Sector-specific
2 competencesmanage intellectual property rights
Deal with the private legal rights that protect the products of the intellect from unlawful infringement.
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operate open source software
Operate Open Source software, knowing the main Open Source models, licensing schemes, and the coding practices commonly adopted in the production of Open Source software.
digitalresearch
Cross-sector
29 competencesapply for research funding
Identify key relevant funding sources and prepare research grant application in order to obtain funds and grants. Write research proposals.
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apply research ethics and scientific integrity principles in research activities
Apply fundamental ethical principles and legislation to scientific research, including issues of research integrity. Perform, review, or report research avoiding misconducts such as fabrication, falsification, and plagiarism.
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apply scientific methods
Apply scientific methods and techniques to investigate phenomena, by acquiring new knowledge or correcting and integrating previous knowledge.
communicate with a non-scientific audience
Communicate about scientific findings to a non-scientific audience, including the general public. Tailor the communication of scientific concepts, debates, findings to the audience, using a variety of methods for different target groups, including visual presentations.
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conduct research across disciplines
Work and use research findings and data across disciplinary and/or functional boundaries.
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demonstrate disciplinary expertise
Demonstrate deep knowledge and complex understanding of a specific research area, including responsible research, research ethics and scientific integrity principles, privacy and GDPR requirements, related to research activities within a specific discipline.
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develop professional network with researchers and scientists
Develop alliances, contacts or partnerships, and exchange information with others. Foster integrated and open collaborations where different stakeholders co-create shared value research and innovations. Develop your personal profile or brand and make yourself visible and available in face-to-face and online networking environments.
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disseminate results to the scientific community
Publicly disclose scientific results by any appropriate means, including conferences, workshops, colloquia and scientific publications.
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draft scientific or academic papers and technical documentation
Draft and edit scientific, academic or technical texts on different subjects.
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evaluate research activities
Review proposals, progress, impact and outcomes of peer researchers, including through open peer review.
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increase the impact of science on policy and society
Influence evidence-informed policy and decision making by providing scientific input to and maintaining professional relationships with policymakers and other stakeholders.
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integrate gender dimension in research
Take into account in the whole research process the biological characteristics and the evolving social and cultural features of women and men (gender).
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interact professionally in research and professional environments
Show consideration to others as well as collegiality. Listen, give and receive feedback and respond perceptively to others, also involving staff supervision and leadership in a professional setting.
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manage findable accessible interoperable and reusable data
Produce, describe, store, preserve and (re) use scientific data based on FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable) principles, making data as open as possible, and as closed as necessary.
digitalresearch
manage open publications
Be familiar with Open Publication strategies, with the use of information technology to support research, and with the development and management of CRIS (current research information systems) and institutional repositories. Provide licensing and copyright advice, use bibliometric indicators, and measure and report research impact.
digitalresearch
manage personal professional development
Take responsibility for lifelong learning and continuous professional development. Engage in learning to support and update professional competence. Identify priority areas for professional development based on reflection about own practice and through contact with peers and stakeholders. Pursue a cycle of self-improvement and develop credible career plans.
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manage research data
Produce and analyse scientific data originating from qualitative and quantitative research methods. Store and maintain the data in research databases. Support the re-use of scientific data and be familiar with open data management principles.
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mentor individuals
Mentor individuals by providing emotional support, sharing experiences and giving advice to the individual to help them in their personal development, as well as adapting the support to the specific needs of the individual and heeding their requests and expectations.
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perform project management
Manage and plan various resources, such as human resources, budget, deadline, results, and quality necessary for a specific project, and monitor the project's progress in order to achieve a specific goal within a set time and budget.
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perform scientific research
Gain, correct or improve knowledge about phenomena by using scientific methods and techniques, based on empirical or measurable observations.
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promote open innovation in research
Apply techniques, models, methods and strategies which contribute to the promotion of steps towards innovation through collaboration with people and organizations outside the organisation.
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promote the participation of citizens in scientific and research activities
Engage citizens in scientific and research activities and promote their contribution in terms of knowledge, time or resources invested.
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promote the transfer of knowledge
Deploy broad awareness of processes of knowledge valorisation aimed to maximise the two–way flow of technology, intellectual property, expertise and capability between the research base and industry or the public sector.
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publish academic research
Conduct academic research, in universities and research institutions, or on a personal account, publish it in books or academic journals with the aim of contributing to a field of expertise and achieving personal academic accreditation.
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speak different languages
Master foreign languages to be able to communicate in one or more foreign languages.
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study acquisition of language
Examine how people learn languages, from childhood or in later stages of life, how this knowledge interacts with other cognitive processes, and how it can differ from one language to another across geographic areas.
synthesise information
Critically read, interpret, and summarise new and complex information from diverse sources.
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think abstractly
Demonstrate the ability to use concepts in order to make and understand generalisations, and relate or connect them to other items, events, or experiences.
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write scientific publications
Present the hypothesis, findings, and conclusions of your scientific research in your field of expertise in a professional publication.
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Optional knowledge 16 competences
Occupation specific
1 competencephilology
The study of language through the use of literary sources and it is interdisciplinary between history, linguistics and literary studies.
Sector-specific
4 competencesanthropology
The study of development and behaviour of human beings.
cultural history
Field that combines historical and anthropological approaches for recording and studying past customs, arts, and manners of a group of people taking into account their political, cultural, and social milieu.
postediting
The process of revising a translation, usually generated by a machine, and improving the accuracy of the text in the translated language.
psycholinguistics
The interdisciplinary field between psychology and linguistics that focuses on the psychological processes through which humans learn and use languages. It includes speech and language development and it applies to individuals of any age. It is a subfield of cognitive science.
Cross-sector
11 competencescomputer engineering
Engineering discipline that combines computer science with electrical engineering to develop computer hardware and software. Computer engineering occupies itself with electronics, software design, and the integration of hardware and software.
digital
computer science
The scientific and practical study that deals with the foundations of information and computation, namely algorithms, data structures, programming, and data architecture. It deals with the practicability, structure and mechanisation of the methodical procedures that manage the acquisition, processing, and access to information.
digital
forensic linguistics
The use of linguistic knowledge, methods, and insights to provide linguistic evidence during a criminal investigation.
history
The discipline that studies, analyses, and presents the events of the past related to humans.
history of literature
The historical evolution of forms of writing that are meant to entertain, educate or to give instructions to the audience, such as fictional prose and poems. The techniques used to communicate these writings and the historical context in which they were written.
journalism
The activity of collecting, processing and presenting to and audience information related to current events, trends, and people, called the news.
literature
The body of artistic writing characterized by beauty of expression, form, and universality of intellectual and emotional appeal.
practical lexicography
The science of compiling and editing dictionaries.
pronunciation techniques
The pronunciation techniques to properly and understandably pronounce words.
terminology
The study of terms, their etymology, and their use. The study of the meaning of words depending on the context in which they are used, the origin of the word, and its evolution over time.
theoretical lexicography
The academic field dealing with the syntagmatic, paradigmatic, and semantic relationships within the vocabulary of a certain language.
Optional skills and competences 17 competences
Occupation specific
0 competencesNo competences in this bucket.
Sector-specific
5 competencescooperate in linguistic process steps
Engage and cooperate in codification processes in order to standardise and develop norms for languages.
develop scientific theories
Formulate scientific theories based on empirical observations, gathered data and theories of other scientists.
develop terminology databases
Collect and submit terms after verifying their legitimacy in order to build up terminology databases on an array of domains.
improve translated texts
Revise, read, and improve human or machine translations. Strive to improve the accuracy and quality of translations.
manage ICT semantic integration
Oversee integration of public or internal databases and other data, by using semantic technologies to produce structured semantic output.
digital
Cross-sector
12 competencesapply blended learning
Be familiar with blended learning tools by combining traditional face-to-face and online learning, using digital tools, online technologies, and e-learning methods.
digitalresearch
apply teaching strategies
Employ various approaches, learning styles, and channels to instruct students, such as communicating content in terms they can understand, organising talking points for clarity, and repeating arguments when necessary. Use a wide range of teaching devices and methodologies appropriate to the class content, the learners' level, goals, and priorities.
- Scope note
- This includes the use of teaching devices such as diagrams and other visual aids.
conduct field work
Conducts field work or research which is the collection of information outside of a laboratory or workplace setting. Visit places in order to collect specific information about the field.
conduct public surveys
Conduct the procedures of a public survey from the initial formulation and compilation of the questions, identifying the target audience, managing the survey method and operations, managing the processing of acquired data, and analysing the results.
develop technical glossaries
Organise technical terms used e.g. in scientific and legal settings into terminology databases and glossaries to aid future translations.
interview focus groups
Interview a group of people about their perceptions, opinions, principles, beliefs, and attitudes towards a concept, system, product or idea in an interactive group setting where the participants can talk freely amongst themselves.
teach in academic or vocational contexts
Instruct students in the theory and practice of academic or vocational subjects, transferring the content of own and others' research activities.
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teach languages
Instruct students in the theory and practice of a language. Use a wide range of teaching and learning techniques to promote proficiency in reading, writing, listening, and speaking in that language.
translate language concepts
Translate one language into another language. Match words and expressions with their corresponding brothers in other languages, while making sure that the message and nuances of the original text are preserved.
use consulting techniques
Advise clients in different personal or professional matters.
use word processing software
Use computer software applications for composition, editing, formatting, and printing of any sort of written material.
digital
write research proposals
Synthetise and write proposals aiming to solve research problems. Draft the proposal baseline and objectives, the estimated budget, risks and impact. Document the advances and new developments on the relevant subject and field of study.