Microelectronics designers focus on developing and designing microelectronic systems, from the top packaging level down to the integrated circuit level. Their knowledge incorporates system-level understanding with analogue and digital circuit knowledge, with integrating the technology processes and an overall outlook in microelectronic sensor basics. They work with other engineers, material science specialists and researchers, to enable innovations and continuous development of already existing devices.
No competences in this bucket.
Devices and components that can be found in electronic systems. These devices can range from simple components such as amplifiers and oscillators, to more complex integrated packages, such as integrated circuits and printed circuit boards.
The threats for the environment which are related to biological, chemical, nuclear, radiological, and physical hazards.
Types of integrated circuits (IC), such as analog integrated circuits, digital integrated circuits, and mixed-signal integrated circuits.
The artificial intelligence theories, applied principles, architectures and systems, such as intelligent agents, multi-agent systems, expert systems, rule-based systems, neural networks, ontologies and cognition theories.
A network of artificial neurons composed for solving artificial intelligence problems. These computing systems are inspired by the biological neural networks that constitute brains. Understanding of its general model and its elements. Knowledge of its use possibilities for automation.
The computer-aided design (CAD) software for creating, modifying, analysing or optimising a design.
The software to perform computer-aided engineering (CAE) analysis tasks such as Finite Element Analysis and Computional Fluid Dynamics.
The drawings detailing the design of products, tools, and engineering systems.
The field of engineering that deals with the study and application of electricity, electronics, and electromagnetism.
Electricity is created when electric current flows along a conductor. It entails the movement of free electrons between atoms. The more free electrons are present in a material, the better this material conducts. The three main parameters of electricity are the voltage, current (ampère), and resistance (ohm).
The functioning of electronic circuit boards, processors, chips, and computer hardware and software, including programming and applications.
The recent trends, developments and innovations in modern technologies such as biotechnology, artificial intelligence and robotics.
The engineering elements like functionality, replicability, and costs in relation to the design and how they are applied in the completion of engineering projects.
The application of scientific and engineering theories and principles aimed at improving the environment and sustainability, such as the provision of clean habitation necessities (such as air, water, and land) for humans and other organisms, for environmental remediation in the event of pollution, sustainable energy development, and improved waste management and waste reduction methods.
The environmental policies and legislation applicable in a certain domain.
Electronic components, made up from a set of electronic circuits which are placed on semiconductor material, such as silicon. Integrated circuits (IC) can hold billions of electronic components on a microscale and are one of basic components of electronic devices.
The principles, methods and algorithms of machine learning, a subfield of artificial intelligence. Common machine learning models such as supervised or unsupervised models, semi- supervised models and reinforcement learning models.
The steps required through which a material is transformed into a product, its development and full-scale manufacturing.
Mathematics is the study of topics such as quantity, structure, space, and change. It involves the identification of patterns and formulating new conjectures based on them. Mathematicians strive to prove the truth or falsity of these conjectures. There are many fields of mathematics, some of which are widely used for practical applications.
The assembly of nano, micro or mesoscale systems and components with dimensions between 1 µm to 1 mm. Because of the need for precision on a microscale, micro assemblies require reliable visual alignment equipment, such as ion beam imaging systems and stereo electronic microscopes, as well as precision tools and machines, such as microgrippers. The microsystems are assembled according to techniques of doping, thin films, etching, bonding, microlithography, and polishing.
Microelectronics is a subdiscipline of electronics and relates the study, design, and manufacture of small electronic components, such as microchips.
The design and production of micromechanisms. Micromechanisms combine mechanical and electrical components in a single device that is less than 1mm across.
Devices with a size smaller than 1 mm that can convert a non-electric signal, such as temperature, into an electrical signal. Because of their size, microsensors offer better accuracy, range, and sensitivity compared to larger sensors.
The natural science involving the study of matter, motion, energy, force and related notions.
Printed circuit boards (PCB) are essential components to almost all electronic devices. They consist of thin wafers or substrates on which electronic components, such as microchips, are placed. The electronic components are electrically connected through conductive tracks and pads.
The national and international requirements, specifications and guidelines to ensure that products, services and processes are of good quality and fit for purpose.
Semiconductors are essential components of electronic circuits and contain properties of both insulators, such as glass, and conductors, such as copper. Most semiconductors are crystals made of silicon or germanium. By introducing other elements in the crystal through doping, the crystals turn into semiconductors. Depending on the amount of electrons created by the doping process, the crystals turn into N-type semiconductors, or P-type semiconductors.
Sensors are transducers that can detect or sense characteristics in their environment. They detect changes in the apparatus or environment and provide a corresponding optical or electrical signal. Sensors are commonly divided in six classes: mechanical, electronic, thermal, magnetic, electrochemical, and optical sensors.
No competences in this bucket.
Comply with regulations banning heavy metals in solder, flame retardants in plastics, and phthalate plasticisers in plastics and wiring harness insulations, under EU RoHS/WEEE Directives and China RoHS legislation.
Design and develop different types of sensors according to specifications, such as vibration sensors, heat sensors, optical sensors, humidity sensors, and electric current sensors.
Convert market requirements into product design and development.
Select and use integration techniques and tools to plan and implement integration of hardware and software modules and components in a system.
Read and comprehend circuit diagrams showing the connections between the devices, such as power and signal connections.
Analyse and understand detailed electronic design specifications.
Model and simulate sensors, products using sensors, and sensor components using technical design software. This way the viability of the product can be assessed and the physical parameters can be examined before the actual building of the product.
Measure system reliability and performance before, during and after component integration and during system operation and maintenance. Select and use performance monitoring tools and techniques, such as special software.
Adjust designs of products or parts of products so that they meet requirements.
Explain technical details to non-technical customers, stakeholders, or any other interested parties in a clear and concise manner.
Give consent to the finished engineering design to go over to the actual manufacturing and assembly of the product.
Plan, coordinate and supervise engineering activities together with engineers and engineering technicians. Ensure clear and effective channels of communication across all departments. Make sure the team is aware of the standards and objectives of the research and development.
Create a mathematical or three-dimensional computer graphic model of the product by using a CAE system or a calculator.
Edit drawings, schematic diagrams, and drafts according to specifications.
Draught sketches and design electronic circuitry; utilise Computer Aided Design (CAD) software and equipment.
Draft sketches and design electronic systems, products, and components using Computer Aided Design (CAD) software and equipment. Make a simulation so that an assessment can be made of the viability of the product and so the physical parameters can be examined before the actual building of the product.
Design and draft integrated circuits (IC) or semiconductors, such as microchips, used in electronic products. Integrate all necessary components, such as diodes, transistors, and resistors. Pay attention to the design of input signals, output signals, and power availability.
Design prototypes of products or components of products by applying design and engineering principles.
Develop a code of letters and numbers to label diagrams for assembly instructions.
Set up a list of materials, components, and assemblies as well as the quantities needed to manufacture a certain product.
Assist with the integration of new systems, products, methods, and components in the production line. Ensure that production workers are properly trained and follow the new requirements.
Create the drawings that identify the different components and materials, and that provide instructions as to how they should be assembled.
Program permanent software with a read-only memory (ROM) on a hardware device, such as an integrated circuit.
Read and interpret drawings listing all the parts and subassemblies of a certain product. The drawing identifies the different components and materials and provides instructions on how to assemble a product.
Read the technical drawings of a product made by the engineer in order to suggest improvements, make models of the product or operate it.
Proofread and give feedback to technical drawings or drafts.
Use computer-aided design (CAD) systems to assist in the creation, modification, analysis, or optimisation of a design.
Use computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) programmes to control machinery and machine tools in the creation, modification, analysis, or optimisation as part of the manufacturing processes of workpieces.
Create technical designs and technical drawings using specialised software.
No competences in this bucket.
The functioning of electronic consumer goods such as TVs, radios, cameras and other audio and video equipment.
Semiconductor devices which emit light, visible or infrared, when an electric current passes through them and they get charged. Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are produced when holes and electrons, the particles carried by the current, are combined within the semiconductor mechanism.
Discipline that applies principles of physics, engineering and materials science to design, analyse, manufacture and maintain mechanical systems.
Optical devices with a size of 1 millimeter or smaller, such as microlenses and micromirrors.
The biomedical engineering processes used to create medical devices, prostheses and in treatments.
The composition, structure, and properties of substances and the processes and transformations that they undergo; the uses of different chemicals and their interactions, production techniques, risk factors, and disposal methods.
The properties of different materials developped in a laboratory, their usage per type of products, and how to create them.
Subdiscipline of engineering that focuses on controlling the behaviour of systems through the use of sensors and actuators.
The national and international quality and safety standards and regulations with regards to the use and manufacture of electronic equipment and its components, such as semiconductors and printed circuit boards.
The behaviour of solid objects when subjected to stresses and strains, and the methods to calculate these stresses and strains.
Equipment and devices used in the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of medical issues. Medical devices cover a wide range of products, ranging from syringes and protheses to MRI machinery and hearing aids.
Technologies, science, and engineering activities conducted on a nanoscale, where material or extremely small components are manipulated on an atomic, molecular, or supramolecular scale.
Branch of electronics and optics dedicated to the study and use of electronic devices that detect and control light.
The functioning, design, and usage of electronics that control and convert electric power. Power conversion systems are usually categorised as AC-DC or rectifiers, DC-AC or inverters, DC-DC converters, and AC-AC converters.
Instruments used for precision measuring or manufacture, such as micrometers, calipers, gauges, scales, and microscopes.
Precision or fine mechanics is a subdiscipline in engineering that focuses on the design and development of smaller precision machines.
No competences in this bucket.
Solder electronic components onto bare electronic boards to create loaded electronic boards using hand soldering tools or soldering machinery.
Apply and work with a variety of techniques in the process of soldering, such as soft soldering, silver soldering, induction soldering, resistance soldering, pipe soldering, mechanical and aluminium soldering.
Connect various electronic and computer parts to form an electronic product or device.
Correct and adjust the reliability of an electronic instrument by measuring output and comparing results with the data of a reference device or a set of standardised results. This is done in regular intervals which are set by the manufacturer and using calibration devices.
Conduct a comprehensive and systematic research of information and publications on a specific literature topic. Present a comparative evaluative literature summary.
Conduct inspections and tests of services, processes, or products to evaluate quality.
Manage and plan various resources, such as human resources, budget, deadline, results, and quality necessary for a specific project, and monitor the project's progress in order to achieve a specific goal within a set time and budget.
Estimate the expected input in terms of time, human and financial resources necessary to achieve the project objectives.
Gain, correct or improve knowledge about phenomena by using scientific methods and techniques, based on empirical or measurable observations.
Prepare early models or prototypes in order to test concepts and replicability possibilities. Create prototypes to assess for pre-production tests.
Test sensors using appropriate equipment. Gather and analyse data. Monitor and evaluate system performance and take action if needed.
Lead and guide employees through a process in which they are taught the necessary skills for the perspective job. Organise activities aimed at introducing the work and systems or improving the performance of individuals and groups in organisational settings.
Compose technical customer reports understandable for people without technical background.